Il y a un peu plus d’un an, l’UNICEF, l’ONUSIDA et d’autres partenaires lançaient l’initiative Unissons-nous pour les enfants, contre le sida pour faire connaître la face cachée de l’épidémie de sida, les enfants.

 

Mardi 16 janvier 2007, l’UNICEF a publié un rapport intitulé ‘Enfants et sida : Un bilan de la situation’, qui résume les progrès réalisés dans ce domaine depuis le lancement de l’initiative en octobre 2005 et relève les faits marquants et les avancées observés dans la riposte mondiale au sida chez les enfants depuis le lancement de la campagne. Certains pays ont obtenu des résultats remarquables dans la prévention de la transmission du VIH de la mère à l'enfant et la prestation de soins aux enfants vivant avec le sida.

“Il est urgent d'aider les enfants affectés par le sida, a déclaré mardi Mme Ann M. Veneman, Directrice générale de l'UNICEF. La campagne Unissons-nous pour les enfants, contre le sida a pour mission de procurer un traitement aux enfants séropositifs, de prévenir la transmission de la mère à l'enfant et d'aider les enfants rendus orphelins par le sida. Nous devons accélérer le mouvement pour obtenir des résultats positifs en faveur des enfants.”

Le rapport de l’UNICEF présente des données dans quatre domaines clés : prévention de la transmission mère-enfant, accès aux traitements du sida, prévention des nouvelles infections à VIH et appui aux orphelins et aux enfants vulnérables.

Prévention de la transmission mère-enfant

Le rapport atteste de progrès considérables dans le domaine de la prévention de la transmission du VIH de la mère à l’enfant. Des pays à forte prévalence en Afrique orientale et australe montrent des résultats particulièrement encourageants. En Namibie par exemple, le pourcentage de femmes enceintes séropositives au VIH bénéficiant d’un traitement pour empêcher la transmission du virus au bébé est passé de 6% en 2004 à 29% en 2005. En Afrique du Sud, ce pourcentage est passé de 22% en 2004 à 30% en 2005.

En dépit de ces progrès, le rapport relève que le pourcentage total de femmes enceintes bénéficiant d’un traitement pour la prévention de la transmission reste extrêmement bas. En 2005, on estime que 9% seulement des femmes enceintes séropositives au VIH vivant dans des pays à revenu faible ou intermédiaire recevaient un traitement pour empêcher la transmission du virus à leur bébé.

Accès aux traitements du sida

Le rapport relève une accélération notable dans la fourniture de traitements pédiatriques, ce qu'on peut attribuer à un meilleur dépistage, une amélioration des compétences du personnel soignant, une baisse du prix des médicaments et une simplification des posologies. Plusieurs pays, dont l'Afrique du Sud, le Botswana, l'Inde, le Rwanda et la Thaïlande, ont été en mesure de soigner un plus grand nombre d'enfants séropositifs en les intégrant à des sites de traitement pour adultes.

A l'échelle mondiale, on ne compte encore que 10% des enfants sous traitement antirétroviral parmi ceux qui en ont besoin. Pourtant, le prix des antirétroviraux pédiatriques a connu une baisse spectaculaire au cours des 12 à 18 derniers mois. Le rapport note que, en 2006, l'Initiative VIH/sida de la Fondation Clinton a négocié une réduction du coût de ces médicaments qui reviennent maintenant à moins de 0,16 dollar par jour ou 60 dollars par an, ce qui a encouragé la concurrence dans le domaine du développement de formules pédiatriques.

Prévenir de nouvelles infections

Le rapport indique que les activités de prévention du VIH prennent à nouveau en compte le besoin de cibler les stratégies sur les adolescents et les jeunes les plus exposés au risque. Il note en particulier que les jeunes femmes devraient faire l’objet d’une attention particulière, car à l'échelle mondiale, le nombre de jeunes femmes infectées dépasse celui des hommes.

De nouvelles données suggèrent que si la prévalence est en baisse au Kenya, dans les zones urbaines de Côte d'Ivoire, du Malawi et du Zimbabwe, ainsi que dans les zones rurales du Botswana, c'est parce que les jeunes semblent adopter des comportements sexuels plus sûrs. Dans plus de 70 des pays inclus dans l'étude, le recours aux services de conseil et de test a augmenté, environ 16,5 millions d'individus y ayant fait appel en 2005 contre seulement 4 millions en 2001.

Soutien aux orphelins et autres enfants vulnérables

En ce qui concerne l'accès à l'éducation, la disparité entre orphelins et non-orphelins s'est réduite de façon significative dans plusieurs pays, en partie grâce à l'abolition des frais de scolarité, estime le rapport. 

Ce dernier relève que le recueil et la ventilation des données par groupes d'âge et par sexe est l'un des moyens les plus importants, les plus simples et les plus efficaces d'inclure les enfants dans les programmes de lutte contre le sida. Le rapport se sert pour la première fois de données de base qui serviront de point de départ pour évaluer les données, nouvelles ou existantes, afin de repérer les tendances discernables concernant les enfants et le sida.

 

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Liens:

Lire le Rapport ‘Bilan de la situation’ (pdf, 3,49 Kb) (en anglais)
Lire 'Prévenir la transmission mère-enfant' - Aide-Mémoire (pdf, 37,8 Kb) (en anglais)
Lire 'Fournir des traitements pédiatriques' - Aide-Mémoire  (pdf, 37,9 Kb) (en anglais)
Lire 'Prévenir l’infection parmi les adolescents et les jeunes’ - Aide-Mémoire (pdf, 38,1 Kb) (en anglais)
Lire 'Protéger et soutenir les enfants affectés par le sida' - Aide-Mémoire (pdf, 40,1 Kb) (en anglais)
En savoir davantage sur la campagne "Unissons-nous pour les enfants, contre le sida" (pdf, 1,41 Mb) (en anglais)
Visiter le site "Unisson-nous pour les enfants, unissons-nous contre le sida" (en anglais)

« Le sida n’est pas une tempête passagère, mais une menace à long terme pour le développement et la sécurité nationale en Asie, » souligne le Programme commun des Nations Unies sur le VIH/sida (ONUSIDA) dans un rapport soumis le samedi 13 janvier à l’occasion de la ‘Session extraordinaire sur le VIH/sida’ du 12e Sommet de l’Association des Nations de l’Asie du Sud-Est (ANASE).

Un rapport spécial émanant du Directeur exécutif de l’ONUSIDA, le Dr Peter Piot, sur la situation des épidémies de sida à travers le monde et dans la région de l’ANASE, ainsi que sur les défis auxquels sont confrontés les pays, a été présenté aux chefs d’Etat des 10 pays de l’ANASE en vue de la Session extraordinaire. C’est la première fois qu’un organe externe est invité à donner une information au Sommet des chefs d’Etat sur le sida.

L'Asie se situe au deuxième rang mondial pour ce qui est du nombre de personnes vivant avec le VIH et sa part de l'épidémie mondiale est en augmentation. Selon les estimations récentes, la région de l'ANASE – qui comprend le Brunei Darussalam, le Cambodge, l'Indonésie, la Malaisie, le Myanmar, les Philippines, la République démocratique populaire lao, Singapour, la Thaïlande et le Viet Nam – connaît l'épidémie la plus grave de l'Asie. On estime qu’en 2006, 1,6 million de personnes vivaient avec le VIH dans la région de l'ANASE et dans certains pays, 1,5% au moins de tous les adultes vivent avec le VIH.

Le rapport de l'ONUSIDA souligne que « Nous en sommes encore dans les premières phases de l'épidémie en Asie et nous devons redoubler d'efforts et les maintenir – ne pas baisser la garde. Le fait le plus inquiétant pour les pays de l’ANASE, c’est que le sida affecte les segments les plus productifs des populations, c’est-à-dire les travailleurs et les travailleuses qui représentent les forces vives du développement économique de la région, » note le rapport.

Affirmant que le sida est ‘l’un des enjeux les plus déterminants de notre temps’, le rapport de l’ONUSIDA souligne la menace que constitue le sida pour la réalisation de presque tous les objectifs du Millénaire pour le développement dans la région. L’ONUSIDA a toutefois déclaré qu’il y avait des opportunités de mettre en place une riposte à l’épidémie sur le long terme.

La participation significative des organisations à assise communautaire et de la société civile – en particulier les personnes vivant avec le VIH – dans les ripostes nationales au sida doit également représenter une priorité. L’importance du leadership personnel des chefs d’Etat en matière de sida a été soulignée. « La menace du sida ne s’éloignera pas dans un an ou dans cinq ans. [L’ONUSIDA] et le monde se tournent vers vous, pour demander votre leadership continu sur le sida, » déclarait le rapport.

Le rapport faisait état des progrès marquants réalisés par un certain nombre de pays de la région pour s’assurer que les communautés les plus vulnérables, notamment les jeunes, les professionnel(le)s du sexe et leurs clients, les hommes qui ont des rapports sexuels avec des hommes et les consommateurs de drogues injectables, soient prioritaires dans les ripostes nationales au sida. A court terme, il faut de toute urgence accroître la portée et la taille des programmes visant à atteindre les personnes les plus exposées au risque d’infection dans la région. Parallèlement, ces programmes doivent prendre en considération les moteurs des épidémies au sein des pays, tels que les inégalités entre les sexes, l’homophobie et la stigmatisation liée au VIH.

La Session extraordinaire 2007 de l'ANASE sur le sida a été organisée en application d’une résolution passée au 7 ème Sommet de l'ANASE, tenu au Brunei Darussalam en novembre 2001 au cours duquel les chefs d'Etat et de gouvernement de l'ANASE avaient convenu d'organiser une « Session extraordinaire sur le VIH et le sida » en parallèle avec le 12 ème Sommet de l'ANASE en 2007, afin de démontrer l'engagement de l'ANASE dans la lutte contre le sida et d'encourager les ripostes régionales à prendre des mesures urgentes.

Le Directeur exécutif de l'ONUSIDA, le Dr Peter Piot , et le Directeur exécutif adjoint de l'ONUSIDA, Deborah Landey, ont participé au Sommet de l'ANASE et suivi la Session extraordinaire.

A la suite de la Session extraordinaire, les chefs d’Etat de l’ANASE ont adopté une Déclaration sur le sida, affirmant qu’ils s’engageaient à fixer des priorités pour les programmes nationaux de lutte contre le sida, à les diriger et les renforcer pour faire en sorte que les politiques et programmes soient adaptés aux personnes les plus exposées et qui en ont le plus besoin dans la région. « [Cette Déclaration] fera partie pour toujours de l'histoire et du langage de l'ANASE, » a déclaré le porte-parole de l'ANASE, l'ambassadeur des Philippines en Malaisie, Victoriano Lecaros.

Dans le cadre de la Session extraordinaire, le Secrétaire général de l'ANASE, M. Ong Keng Yong, a présenté son propre rapport aux chefs d'Etat réunis à Cebu. Il y observe que « l'engagement du leadership et la volonté politique sont essentiels pour relever les enjeux que représente la propagation du VIH et du sida ». Le Secrétaire général Ong a signalé aux dirigeants de l’ANASE les progrès effectués depuis 2001. Il a également exposé les principaux domaines d’action pour la période 2006-2010 par le biais d’un plan de travail opérationnel pour le troisième programme régional de l’ANASE sur le VIH et le sida.

« Les ripostes futures de l’ANASE comprendront des initiatives multisectorielles, et des partenariats plus étroits avec le secteur privé, la société civile, et les personnes vivant avec le VIH, » a-t-il déclaré. Il a souligné les éléments clés de la Déclaration sur le sida et il a attiré l’attention sur « l’engagement en matière d’intégration du VIH dans les priorités du développement afin de réduire à la fois l’impact du développement sur la transmission du VIH et l’impact de l’épidémie de VIH sur le développement, conformément aux engagements de l’ANASE en faveur des objectifs du Millénaire pour le développement et de la décision de l’Assemblée générale des Nations Unies en 2006 ».

 

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Liens:

Lire les engagements de l'ANASE sur le sida (anglais uniquement)
Lire le communiqué de presse de l'ONUSIDA "pour une riposte au sida sur le long terme, un leadership décisif s'impose" Southeast Asia’ ( en | fr | es | ru )
Lire le rapport du Directeur exécutif de l'ONUSIDA au Chefs d'Etat de l'ANASE (anglais uniquement)
Visiter le site du 12ème sommet de l'ANASE
Visiter le site du Secrétariat de l'ANASE
Faits et chiffres sur le sida dans la région de l'ANASE (anglais uniquement)

Des termes tels que 'positif au VIH' et 'personne vivant avec le VIH' en remplacent progressivement d'autres tels que 'malade du sida' et 'victime de la maladie' autrefois très répandus dans la littérature sur le VIH. Pourquoi voyons-nous une telle transformation ? Comment s'est-elle produite ? Et surtout que signifie-t-elle ?

Le VIH n'est plus une question purement médicale : le risque d'infection à VIH et l'impact du virus sont liés à des problèmes sociaux, notamment la discrimination à l'égard des femmes et des groupes de personnes marginalisées, par exemple les professionnel(le)s du sexe, les personnes qui s'injectent des drogues et les hommes qui ont des rapports sexuels avec des hommes. Il est malheureusement vrai que les personnes vivant avec le VIH font souvent l'objet d’ostracisme et de violence en raison de leur sérologie. Au cours de la dernière décennie, il est devenu plus évident que jamais qu'il fallait renforcer les droits humains dans le cadre d'une riposte efficace au sida et à ses répercussions.

Il est clairement établi que le langage dans le contexte du VIH n'est pas neutre. Les mots que nous choisissons et la manière dont nous assemblons nos phrases pour partager des idées et des informations ont un profond impact sur la manière dont nos messages sont compris et sont ou non suivis d’action. Il est donc important, pour soutenir et renforcer la riposte au VIH, de choisir attentivement les mots employés.

Au Secrétariat de l’ONUSIDA à Genève, un petit groupe examine et met en perspective les problèmes et la dynamique en évolution constante dans le domaine du VIH. Il a pour but de formuler des recommandations concernant le langage utilisé, qui doit être correct sur le plan scientifique, qui favorise les droits de la personne et la dignité de l’individu, se comprend facilement et respecte la manière dont les individus et les groupes de personnes choisissent de parler d’eux-mêmes.

Par exemple, choisir des termes portant sur des comportements particuliers plutôt que sur l'appartenance à des groupes constitue une bonne approche pour éviter d'accroître la stigmatisation et la discrimination. Il est préférable de parler de 'risque accru d’exposition au VIH', de 'rapports sexuels sans préservatif', 'd’utilisation de matériel d'injection non stérile' plutôt que de généraliser en parlant de 'groupes à haut risque'. Etre membre d'un groupe n'expose pas en soi un individu à un risque d'infection, alors que son comportement le peut.

Respecter et responsabiliser les personnes sont deux autres principes à la base d’une recommandation de l'ONUSIDA qui conseille d'éviter des termes tels que 'victime du sida' ou 'personne souffrant du sida'. « Ces termes sous-entendent que l'individu est impuissant et n'a pas la maîtrise de son existence, » explique Alistair Craik, qui coordonne l'élaboration du Guide de terminologie de l'ONUSIDA. « Il est préférable d'utiliser 'personne vivant avec le VIH', » ajoute-t-il.

Parler de personnes vivant avec le VIH comme d'innocentes victimes (ce qui est fréquent lorsqu’il s’agit d’enfants séropositifs ou de personnes chez qui l’infection est due à un traitement médical) implique à tort que les infections acquises selon d’autres modes constituent en quelque sorte un châtiment mérité. Il est préférable d'utiliser systématiquement 'personnes vivant avec le VIH', ou 'enfants vivant avec le VIH'.

Le Guide de terminologie de l'ONUSIDA offre également aux rédacteurs des conseils permettant d'éviter certaines erreurs courantes. Par exemple, on ne devrait pas utiliser le terme 'virus du sida' qui est incorrect sur le plan scientifique. « Il n'existe pas de virus du sida, » explique Craik, « le sida, syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise, est un ensemble d'infections opportunistes et de maladies qui est la conséquence ultime de l'infection à VIH. C'est aussi pourquoi, » ajoute-t-il, « les personnes ne sont pas infectées par le sida mais par un virus appelé VIH. Les lettres 'VIH' signifient virus de l'immunodéficience humaine, il est donc faux de parler de 'virus VIH'," note Craik. De même, il est tautologique de parler de 'pratique du commerce du sexe' – les termes 'commerce du sexe ' ou 'vente de services sexuels' sont plus concis et précis.

Les exemples ci-dessus sont autant d'illustrations de ce que les rédacteurs trouveront dans le Guide de terminologie de l'ONUSIDA. Cette brève série de recommandations a pour but de promouvoir une terminologie sensible aux questions de genre, qui soit non discriminatoire et appropriée sur le plan culturel et qui favorise les droits humains universels. « Nous demandons aux lecteurs de comprendre que le Guide de terminologie de l'ONUSIDA est composé de recommandations et que des rédacteurs différents auront des voix diverses ; d’autres organisations auront des domaines de compétence différents et ils pourront choisir leurs propres préférences et leur propre style, et cela, c’est très bien, » conclut Craik.

L'ONUSIDA insiste sur le fait que ses recommandations terminologiques doivent être considérées comme un travail en cours qui sera adapté au fur et à mesure de l’apparition continue de nouvelles questions et de nouvelles dynamiques.

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Liens:
Guide de terminologie de l'ONUSIDA (mars 2007) 
Résumé des recommandations (mars 2007) en anglais

2006 has been an important year in the AIDS response. The number of people living with HIV rose to almost 40 million, the highest number ever, however declines in infection rates were observed in some countries, as well as positive trends in young people's sexual behaviours. HIV Prevention efforts were shown to be working in a number of countries, highlighting the need to urgently scale up, expand and adapt prevention programmes to address the different drivers of the epidemics.

Political commitment to the AIDS response was at its highest level to date which was reflected at the 2006 High Level Meeting on AIDS at the UN in New York. Heads of State and Government and representatives of States and Governments came together to debate key AIDS issues and unanimously adopted a political declaration on AIDS. During the meeting countries also pledged to set ambitious national targets for universal access to HIV prevention, treatment care and support. By the end of 2006 many countries had already set their targets.

In 2006, key developments were brought to light in the field of scientific research—including increased emphasis on microbicide development and findings relating to male circumcision. More people than ever before were receiving antiretroviral treatment and funds pledged for the AIDS response reached their highest levels to date.

2006 also marked 25 years since the virus was first discovered over which time some 25 million people have died of AIDS.

2006 was also the 10 th anniversary of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) during which time UNAIDS has spearheaded many innovative initiatives that have accelerated the AIDS response worldwide.

In 2006 , UNAIDS enlisted the help of a number of new special representatives to strengthen communication of key messages and reach out a broader audience than ever before.

Below are some of the highlights and key events which took place during 2006.

JANUARY
AIDS: everybody’s business
	Business leaders met in Davos in January for the 2006 World Economic Forum, many turned their attention to the issue of the increasing impact of AIDS in the workplace. More
The road towards universal access
	As requested by the General Assembly in resolution 60/224 adopted in December 2005, UNAIDS secretariat and co-sponsors started facilitating inclusive, country-driven processes to identify practical actions for scaling up AIDS services towards universal access. Thousands of people from all walks of life were mobilized to seize this extraordinary opportunity. Between January and March, more than 100 low- and middle-income countries held broad public debates about what needs to be done to turn back the epidemic. Seven regional consultations were held. The UNAIDS secretariat also convened a multipartner Global Steering Committee. More
FEBRUARY
The need to invest in HIV prevention
	A study, published in Sciencexpress in February, indicated that increased spending on HIV prevention would not only prevent more than half the new infections that would occur from 2005 to 2015, but would actually produce a net financial saving as future costs for treatment and care are averted. More
World not doing nearly enough to protect children affected by AIDS
	In February, the Global Partners Forum, hosted by UNICEF and the UK Department for International Development, brought together 90 international organizations, NGOs and governments in a special effort to ramp up practical responses for children affected by the AIDS epidemic. More
Innovative AIDS funding takes off
	An international conference on “Solidarity and Globalization: innovative financing for development and against pandemics”, held in Paris in February, brought together representatives from more than one hundred countries, 18 international organizations and 60 NGOs to discuss the implementation of innovative financing for development. More
AIDS mission to Rwanda to discuss next steps in AIDS response
	In February, leading representatives from Luxemburg, the United Kingdom’s Department for International Development, UNICEF and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS visited Rwanda for a two-day, high-level mission to gain a joint perspective on the progress of the national AIDS response and the ongoing challenges it faces. More
MARCH
Economic security for women key to HIV prevention
	A new paper published in March by the UNAIDS-led Global Coalition on Women and AIDS showed that when women have an income and a safe place to live, they are much better able to negotiate abstinence, fidelity, and safer sex. Economic security, the paper stressed, is a major factor in enabling women to protect themselves from HIV. More
Positive partnerships break down AIDS-discrimination in Thailand
	Heralded by UNAIDS as an example of ‘best practice’, a project that offers small loans to enable people living with HIV set up businesses is helping break down stigma and discrimination in Thailand. More
Global access to HIV therapy tripled in past two years, but significant challenges remain
	A new report by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) shows that the number of people on HIV antiretroviral treatment (ART) in low- and middle-income countries more than tripled to 1.3 million in December 2005 from 400 000 in December 2003. Charting the final progress of the "3 by 5" strategy to expand access to HIV therapy in the developing world, the report also says that the lessons learned in the last two years provide a foundation for global efforts now underway to provide universal access to HIV treatment by 2010. More
APRIL
Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS: five years later – Report of the Secretary General
	The report of the Secretary-General provided an update on progress in the global AIDS response since the 2001 special session, identified critical challenges and made urgent recommendations to strengthen efforts at the global, regional and country levels.  More
UNAIDS assessment report on the road towards universal access released
	Reaching the Millennium Development Goal on HIV and AIDS – to halt and reverse the spread of the epidemic by 2015 – requires far greater access to HIV prevention services and AIDS treatment, care and support than is currently available. The assessment report includes an analysis of common obstacles and recommendations for overcoming them by integrating HIV prevention, treatment, care and support with broader health and social services. More
President Putin calls for urgent measures to stem the HIV epidemic in Russia
	President Vladimir Putin gathered the Presidium of the State Council to discuss the HIV epidemic in Russia. In a groundbreaking move, the State Council examined all aspects of the growing epidemic in the country and agreed on a set of measures that will strengthen Russia’s response to the epidemic in an unprecedented manner. More
MAY
Launch of the 2006 Report on the global AIDS epidemic
	On the eve of the 2006 High Level Meeting on AIDS in New York UNAIDS launched the 2006 Report on the global AIDS epidemic, featuring the latest AIDS estimates and new trends. The report, a special edition marking UNAIDS' 10th anniversary, contained the most in-depth data from countries to date, based on progress reports from 126 countries. More
Eastern Europe and Central Asia are facing the challenge
	Under the theme “facing the challenge” the first Eastern European and Central Asian AIDS conference welcomed around 1500 participants in Moscow from 15 to 17 May. The conference provided an important forum for political leaders, scientists and researchers, people living with HIV and representatives from civil society to take stock of the AIDS response in the region. More
JUNE
Agenda for action on women and AIDS
	On 1 June, the UNAIDS-led Global Coalition on Women and AIDS launched a new Agenda for Action - calling for massively scaled-up funding for AIDS programmes for women and girls; the effective enforcement of laws that affirm and protect women's rights, and greater involvement in women (particularly positive women) in forums where AIDS policies and programmes are decided. More
2006 High Level Meeting on AIDS
	High-level representatives of over 140 UN Member States, including nearly a dozen Heads of State and Government, met in June to review progress towards achieving the agreed goals of the Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS adopted at the UN General Assembly Special Session on AIDS in 2001. The 2006 High Level Meeting on AIDS concluded with a renewed political commitment and agreement on future action to reverse the global AIDS epidemic and reduce its impact. More
Gauging progress in Malawi
	Dr. Peter Piot, Executive Director of UNAIDS and Sir Suma Chakrabarti, Permanent Secretary, United Kingdom Department for International Development visited Malawi to review progress made in the country’s AIDS response. Malawi’s political leadership and commitment in accelerating universal access to HIV prevention, treatment care and support was one of the focal points of the visit.  More
JULY
Investigating the impact of AIDS in Asia and the Pacific
	A new body to study the spread and impact of HIV and AIDS in the Asia Pacific region was launched in July in New Delhi. The Independent Commission on AIDS in Asia and the Pacific consists of 10 leading economists, scientists, civil society representatives and policy-makers from across the region. More
UN Secretary-General meets pharmaceutical companies to discuss access to treatment
	The UN Secretary-General met with CEOs from the world’s leading pharmaceutical companies and UN officials in New York to explore ways to expand access to HIV treatment and care in low-and-middle income countries. The meeting was the first of its kind to include both research and development - or ‘brand name’ – pharmaceutical companies, generic development companies and UN bodies. More
Health leaders welcome infectious disease focus at G8
	In advance of the G8 summit, the leaders of the four key health policy and financing organizations - the World Health Organization (WHO),UNAIDS, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, and the GAVI Alliance - jointly welcomed the focus on infectious diseases and urged the G8 leaders to continue their commitments to improving the health and lives of people in the world's poorest countries. More
AUGUST
UNAIDS Executive Director meets with Indian Prime Minister
	Dr Peter Piot met with Indian Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh in August. The Prime Minister's leadership has put the AIDS response on the national political agenda. As the Chairperson of the National Council on AIDS, Dr. Singh has developed a multi-ministerial task force comprising of 31 ministries and seven state governments for a coordinated multi-sectoral response to the HIV epidemic in India. More
XVI International AIDS Conference, Toronto, Canada
	Over the week 13-18 August, 24,000 people participated in the XVI International AIDS Conference, including high-profile guests such as former US President Bill Clinton, Bill and Melinda Gates, leaders from governments, the science sector, civil society, people living with HIV, youth and women’s groups, United Nations officials, business, the private sector and the entertainment sector. UNAIDS took part in a wide variety of satellites, sessions and events over the week. More
Uniting for HIV Prevention
	UNAIDS, civil society, treatment activists, private sector and governments call for ‘out of the ordinary partnerships’ to intensify HIV prevention efforts. Uniting for prevention - special page
SEPTEMBER
Responding to AIDS in China
	UNAIDS Executive Director Peter Piot visited China in September to encourage continued leadership and commitment and to mobilize a multi-sectoral response to AIDS. More
Emerging epidemics in Eastern Europe on the agenda
	In September, UNAIDS Executive Director Dr Peter Piot visited Berlin to discuss ways of strengthening collaboration between UNAIDS and Germany and to promote continued commitment to the AIDS response. Dr Piot met with Government Ministers, parliamentary representatives, the National AIDS Council and NGO representatives. More
OCTOBER
Setting ambitious national targets: The next step on the road towards universal access
	In October, UNAIDS published new, operational guidelines to support countries’ efforts to set ambitious national targets that reflect international commitment to scale up significantly towards the goal of universal access to comprehensive prevention programmes, treatment, care and support by 2010. More
NOVEMBER
Asia Pacific: Call for action on AIDS
	Asia and Pacific countries with low HIV prevalence rates called for action to increase targeted HIV prevention efforts and funding for AIDS, at the ‘Low to Zero’ Asia Pacific regional conference on universal access to HIV prevention, treatment, care and support in low prevalence countries, that took place in Mongolia in October. More
UN Secretary General visits UNAIDS, Geneva
	In one of his final public appearances as UN Secretary General, Kofi Annan visited UNAIDS in Geneva on Monday 20 November. The Secretary General urged the international community to continue to “fight to bring the global AIDS epidemic under control.” More
UNAIDS/WHO launch 2006 AIDS epidemic update
	UNAIDS launched the new joint UNAIDS/WHO report, AIDS Epidemic Update 2006, featuring updated global and regional AIDS estimates and new trends in the epidemic’s evolution on 21 November 2006. More
DECEMBER
World AIDS Day 2006
	With nearly 40 million people living with HIV in 2006, this year's World AIDS Day theme of 'accountability' was a poignant reminder that we all have a role to play in the AIDS response and we are all accountable for the promises we have made. On 1 December events took place around the globe to commemorate this special day of remembrance and hope. More World AIDS Day Statements
Setting targets for universal access to HIV prevention, treatment, care and support
	Throughout 2006, countries across the world have been taking positive steps to accelerate their national response in order to halt and reverse the AIDS epidemic by 2015. By the end of 2006, a number of countries had already set ambitious national targets, while others, building the process into their existing national strategic planning cycle, are due to continue this process throughout the coming months. More
Statement on trial findings regarding male circumcision and HIV
	UNAIDS and its Cosponsors, WHO, UNFPA, UNICEF and the World Bank, release a joint statement regarding the announcement by the US National Institutes of Health that two trials assessing the impact of male circumcision on HIV risk are being stopped on the recommendation of the NIH Data Safety and Monitoring Board (DSMB). More

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World AIDS Day 2006 commemoration at UNAIDS/WHO

The World AIDS Day celebration at UNAIDS/WHO Headquarters in Geneva, was organized by the UN family, missions, NGO's, humanitarian organizations, people living with HIV and faith communities. The lighting and placing of red candles forming a ribbon and the signing of promises onto a commemorative ribbon were two of the activities that took place after the opening remarks by Dr. Peter Piot, Executive Director, UNAIDS and other special guests.

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World AIDS Day 2006 commemoration in Nigeria

UNAIDS coordinated the UN support to the WAD ceremony, including exhibition stands with condom promotion and demonstration and drama performances.  UNAIDS and UN staff also participated in the rally of PLHIV to the National Assembly and to the office of the Minister of the Federal Capital Territory. 

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World AIDS Day 2006 commemoration in South Africa

 The UNAIDS Country Office in South Africa in partnership with Cricket South Africa uses sport as a platform for promotion of HIV Prevention. The pictures were taken during . UNAIDS and Cricket South Africa decided to use the Standard Bank International Pro20 Cricket Match between South Africa and India played in Johannesburg, South Africa on the 1st of December 2006 to commemorate World AIDS Day.
The Captain of the South Africa Cricket Team – Graeme Smith gave a speech on the impact of HIV in South Africa, the need to support people living with HIV, and the importance of knowing your HIV  status.
Public Service Announcements  (PSAs) from the World AIDS Campaign were also broadcasted during the match (as shown in pictures)

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World AIDS Day 2006 commemoration in Panama

UNAIDS RST Office for Latin America in coordination with UNAIDS Panama carried out two visibility events for the commemoration of the WAD. One was carried out in the Miraflores Locks of the Panama Canal and the other at the Tocumen International Airport.

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 World AIDS Day 2006 commemoration in Papua New Guinea

The World AIDS Day was a symbolic event in Port Moresby used as a platform to promote HIV testing and counseling under the national theme “Stop AIDS: You have the right to know’. The national preparations for the 2006 World AIDS Day were facilitated by the civil society umbrella body PACSO (PNG Alliance of Civil Society Organization) which is supported by UNAIDS-PNG.

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World AIDS Day 2006 commemoration in Macedonia

The World AIDS Day in Macedonia was organised jointly by UNAIDS, the Ministry of Health and local NGOs, and took place in a shopping Mall in its capital, Skopje. There were two info-educational stands where young people from local NGOs offered information on AIDS prevention and distributed booklets, condoms and red ribbons to all visitors, while mobile NGO teams circulated throughout the mall attracting people to write massages that were used to create a “Red message Ribbon”.  During the WAD, a photographic exhibition on AIDS, consisting of 40 photographs made by young people, was also inaugurated. 

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World AIDS Day 2006 commemoration in Belarus

 UNAIDS supported the Belarusian Youth Festival of Universities “Stop AIDS. Keep the Promise” held in Minsk 1 December 2006. The Youth Festival was organized by all Universities within the National Plan of Actions on the World AIDS Day 2006. Every University contributed to the Festival with their projects on anti-stigma, health behavior and life skills. The Festival was opened by the Vice-Minister of the Ministry of Health.
Another WAD activity sponsored by UNAIDS was the “Leave Positively!” event organized by the NGO of  PLHIV “Positive Movement”. The event scenario  was centered around a concert where participants wrote messages to PLHIV. The exhibition of the Red Bells messages will start a tour among self-support groups of PLHIV all over Belarus.

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World AIDS Day 2006 commemoration in Burundi

 The commemoration of the World AIDS Day 2006 in Burundi extended to all 17 provinces of the country. The Burundi Alliance against AIDS (ABS), a network of 140 national associations, mobilized its members across the country to work closely with the provincial governments to organize World AIDS Day events and present their achievements from the past year. Delegations of high government representatives visited all provinces of the country, where communal ceremonies included parades, film screenings, photo exhibits, sports competitions and cultural performances. Delegates from networks of people living with HIV, the National Alliance against AIDS, and Women and Youth groups addressed local audiences. The President of the Republic launched the National Strategic Plan for 2007-2011.

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World AIDS Day 2006 commemoration in Lesotho

 The World AIDS Day commemoration in Lesotho was marked by the support of King Letsie III to the national plans to address AIDS in the country. The King also launched the first ever "Know Your Status" campaign during the World AIDS Day commemorations .

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World AIDS Day 2006 commemoration in Swaziland

 The UNAIDS Country Office in Swaziland in partnership with the Swaziland Government, the national AIDS coordinating body, as well as several national and international NGOs working in Swaziland commemorated World AIDS Day with a Ten Day Campaign leading up to the climax day on December 1st. During the campaign offices across the country displayed candles with the red ribbon and promises boxes where people were encouraged to make a pledge and keep the promise. On December 1st a march and run were held to commemorate World AIDS Day 2006. The event also featured songs by the traditional women’s regiment (Lutsango), dramas and songs by school children, music, and dance all focused on HIV. There were also information booths by NGOs working on HIV in the country, and mobile testing units in line with the focus on HIV Prevention.

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World AIDS Day 2006 commemoration in Thailand

UN agencies and civil society organisations teamed up to organise a World AIDS Day event led by UNESCO and Thai Red Cross. The event, which took place at Lumpini Park and Thai Red Cross Compound in Bangkok on the 1st of December 2006  was billed as the “Condom Chain of Life Festival” and included setting a new Guinness Book of Records mark for the world’s longest chain of condoms intended to raise awareness around HIV prevention. The World AIDS Day commemoration included a parade organized by the Thai Red Cross involving HRH Princess Somsawalee, games, activities and performances around AIDS issues. Tents and pavilions were organized by UN agencies and NGOs working on HIV related issues to disseminate information. 

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World AIDS Day 2006 commemoration in Guatemala

To commmemorate The International World AIDS Day 2006, El Día Mundial en la lucha contra el SIDA, the activity of Quilts in the Central Park, in front of Palacio Nacional de la Cultura, Guatemala City, Guatemala, C.A. 

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World AIDS Day 2006 commemoration in Egypt

As part of the Sailing the Nile for the Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) project, initiated by the UN and its partners, eight felucca boats, each representing a Goal, sail the Nile to promote action to fulfill the MDGs in Egypt. On December 1^st, the boats stopped in Beni-Suef to promote the 6th MDG, that aims to combat HIV, malaria and other diseases, and to commemorate World AIDS Day. The organised events included HIV education training-of-trainers sessions with youth and the promotion of volunteerism; workshops with religious leaders to spread AIDS awareness messages; and welcome the feluccas with a parade, display of banners, song and dance performances. In addition to the activities planned in Beni-Suef, AIDS awareness campaigns were orchestrated by local organizations in Cairo, Sohag, Qena, Luxor, Aswan, and Assiut, with events ranging from awareness-raising and training-of-trainers to competitive sports and dramatic performances. 

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Nazareth House, a faith-based organization located in Cape Town, was the first Catholic orphan care institution in South Africa to provide paediatric antiretroviral therapy for the HIV-positive orphans it cares for.

The Sisters of Nazareth House are currently caring for 35 children made orphans by AIDS and 20 adults living with HIV, most of whom, due to the complexity or severity of their symptoms can no longer care for themselves or be cared for by their family or community.

Like Nazareth House, many faith-based initiatives have been on the front-line of the epidemic since its devastating effects on the population became apparent in Africa. Nowadays, faith-based organizations, which often reach the most remote communities, as well as being prominent in large urban centres, are uniquely placed to provide a range of quality HIV-related services (from training of home-based caregivers to provision of antiretroviral therapy) to those in need.

However, the valuable work of organizations within the Catholic Church based upon their religious principles sometimes lacked the coordination and level of support needed to improve the effectiveness of their responses to the AIDS epidemic.

It was under these circumstances that the Southern African Catholic Bishops’ Conference (SACBC), in partnership with the Catholic Medical Mission Board, launched the Choose to Care initiative. The initiative, supported by funding from the Bristol-Meyers Squibb Foundation and other sources, started in 2000 as a coordinated response to the overwhelming need to provide HIV-prevention education, care and support to communities in the southern African region.

“Since 2000 the SACBC AIDS Office has coordinated the response of the Catholic Church to AIDS in South Africa, Swaziland and Botswana, strengthening and building on existing programmes, as well as helping to initiate new ones. The continuum of Choose to Care in most of the programmes and projects linked to the SACBC has seen commitment to prevention, care and support to people infected and affected by AIDS,” stated Mr. Johan Viljoen, Programme Manger of Choose to Care Project.

At first the Choose to Care projects were engaged in providing prevention and care services. However, the provision of treatment to those living with HIV, particularly orphans and vulnerable children, has become one of their main activities. The sites supported by the SACBC providing antiretroviral therapy aim at complementing government programmes in areas where government-funded antiretroviral therapy is not available, notably in resource-poor communities.

Nazareth House was one of the first sites where antiretroviral therapy was provided as part of the Choose to Care initiative. By replicating similar small-scale programmes implemented through the diocesan and parish system, the Catholic Church has been able to scale-up HIV programmes that remain rooted in and responsive to the needs of local communities.

This approach has been proven to be effective as is shown in a study recently researched and written by Rev. Robert J. Vitillo, Special Adviser on HIV for Caritas Internationalis. The study has now been published as part of the UNAIDS Best Practice Collection as an example of how a coordinated response to the epidemic made by a faith-based organization has increased HIV prevention education, care and support to communities affected by AIDS as well as complementing governments’ efforts to achieve universal access to prevention, treatment, care and support.

“The highly variable nature of the epidemic has been met with a wide variety of Best Practice responses. The Choose to Care initiative is especially interesting as it provides evidence that a large scale response to HIV may be achieved through support, coordination and guidance given to a large number of locally-rooted small-scale programmes,” noted Alistair Craik, Best Practice Manager, UNAIDS.

Drawing upon independent research the study shows that the Choose to Care projects are valued both for their compassion and practical effectiveness. Further proof of the strength and effectiveness of the Choose to Care model is provided by the fact that since 2005 when, as planned, funding support ceased, the great majority of projects have continued, sustained by new sources of support.

AIDS leaders from the United Kingdom and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) came together in India for a joint mission to gain greater insight into the country’s AIDS response. During the four-day visit, Sir Suma Chakrabarti, Permanent Secretary at the Department for International Development (DFID) and Dr Peter Piot, Xecutive Director of UNAIDS met with political leaders, senior government officials and parliamentarians, students, representatives from non governmental organizations and from the donor community.

As part of the mission, the delegation visited Patna in the North Indian state of Bihar on Saturday 16 December where Dr Piot and Sir Chakrabarti noted the significant progress made in this province since their last visit, including the establishment of India’s first ‘Legislative Forum on HIV and AIDS’ to raise AIDS awareness among policy makers in the state and to build capacity to address the challenges posed by AIDS.

 

Dr. Peter Piot, Executive Director, UNAIDS and Sir Suma Chakrabarti, Parmanent Secretary of the Department for International Development (DFID)  visited the State of Bihar. The Heads of the joint UNAIDS/DFID delegation light the inaugural lamp.From left to right: 1. Sir Suma Chakrabarthi, Permanent Secretary, DFID, Government of UK; 2. Professor Arun Kumar, Chairman, Bihar State Legislative Council; ( Partly seen: Mr. Chandra Mohan Rai, Minister of Health, Bihar State) 3. Mr. Nitish Kumar, Chief Minister of  Bihar; 4. Dr. Peter Piot, Executive Director, UNAIDS; 5. Mr. Uday Narain Chowdhury, Speaker, Bihar Legislative Assembly.

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Mr. Nitish Kumar, Chief Minister of Bihar being presented a memento from the  Heads of the Joint Mission for  “ strengthening decentralized response to the HIV epidemic in the state of Bihar”.

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Dr.Peter Piot. Executive Director, UNAIDS addressing the gathering of  Elected People’s Representatives in  the State Capital of Patna on 16th December 2006

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Sir Suma Chakrabarthi, Parmanent Secretary of the Department for International Development (DFID) addressing the gathering of the Elected Representatives in Patna on 16th December 2006

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Heads of the Joint Mission Dr. Peter Piot, Executive Director, UNAIDS and Sir Suma Chakrabarti, Parmanent Secretary of the Department for International Development (DFID)  greeting His Excellency R.S.Gavai, the Governor of Bihar State and the Chancellor of Patna University with the Speaker of Bihar Legislative Assembly, Mr. Uday Narain Chowdhury during the interactive session with students at the Wheeler Senate Hall, Patna University, Patna on 16th December 2006.

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A cross section of the gathering at the Interactive session of the students at the Wheeler Senate Hall, Patna University

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In New Delhi, the joint delegation met with political leaders and senior officials including the Indian Minister of Health and Family Welfare, Dr. Anbumani Ramadoss, the Indian Minister of Finance, P. Chidambaram and Sitaram Yechury, Polit Bureau Member of the Communist Party of India.

Dr. Peter Piot, Executive Director UNAIDS and Sir Suma Chakrabarti, Parmanent Secretary of the Department for International Development (DFID) during their meeting with Dr. Anbumani Ramadoss, Indian Minister of Health & Family Welfare  in New Delhi, India on Monday 18 December 2006

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Dr. Anbumani Ramadoss, Indian Minister of Health & Family Welfare with Dr. Peter Piot, Executive Director UNAIDS followed by Sir Suma Chakrabarti, Parmanent Secretary of DFID after their meeting at  Nirman  Bhawan in New Delhi, India.

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Dr. Peter Piot, Executive Director UNAIDS and  Sir Suma Chakrabarti Parmanent Secretary of the Department for International Development (DFID) meet with Sitaram Yechury, Polit Bureau Member of the Comunist Party of India in New Delhi, India on Monday 18 December 2006.

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From left to right Indian Minister of Finance, P. Chidambaram in conversation with Dr. Peter Piot, Executive Director UNAIDS along with Sir Suma Chakrabarti, Parmanent Secretary of the Department for International Development (DFID) at North Block in New Delhi, India on Monday 18 December 2006.

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Dr. Peter Piot, Executive Director UNAIDS and Sir Suma Chakrabarti, Parmanent Secretary of the Department for International Development (DFID)exchange notes after meeting with Indian Finance Minister P. Chidambaram outside his office at North Block in New Delhi, India on Monday 18 December 2006.

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Photo credit for Bihar: R. Rahi
Photo credit for New Delhi : S. Sharma

 

Political leaders in the north Indian State of Bihar were urged to rapidly scale up HIV awareness, prevention, care and support by AIDS leaders from the United Kingdom and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) during a special joint delegation visit on Saturday 16 December. At the same time, the delegation commended the commitment in the State to achieving these aims.

On a one-day visit to Bihar at the invitation of the State Government of Bihar, Sir Suma Chakrabarti, Permanent Secretary, Department for International Development (DFID) of the United Kingdom and Dr Peter Piot, Executive Director of UNAIDS, met with key political figures and visited the University. The joint delegation commended the political leaders’ resolve to fight AIDS and called for sustained political commitment, greater support from development partners and continued participation of elected representatives in strengthening a decentralized response to the HIV epidemic.

The joint mission was an opportunity to explore how local responses to the AIDS epidemic can be supported and strengthened through initiatives that are locally sensitive and aligned with commitments made at the global level.

In July 2006, Bihar became the first north Indian state to establish a legislative forum with a formal constitution and institutional mechanism for elected representatives to address AIDS issues in the State. The “Bihar Legislative Forum on HIV and AIDS” was launched as a way to raise awareness among political leaders in the State at all levels and to support a stronger capacity of all sectors to address the challenges posed by AIDS.

Since the inception of the forum, Bihar leaders have been advocating this approach with their political peers. Six other states in the northern region of India have now committed themselves to replicate the Bihar model. However, it was emphasized that leaders’ commitment is only one of the steps for a successful AIDS response.

In his speech at the Bihar Legislative Assembly, Dr. Peter Piot indicated that the state had to face “the challenge of strong leadership, management and coordination of all AIDS activities and the challenge of reaching ALL of Bihar’s people to effectively prevent and treat HIV infection.”

Sir Suma Chakrabarti emphasized that “action is needed to spread accurate messages so that people, especially women, can protect themselves. Action is also urgently needed to tackle stigma and discrimination faced by people living with HIV.”

As part of the visit, the joint delegation met representatives of the government, the legislature, civil society, United Nations staff and donor agencies to explore ways to improve the coordination of resources for AIDS control at all levels. The delegation recommended that the technical and financial resources of development partners be pooled to ensure that the Bihar AIDS response keeps pace with the evolving nature of the epidemic, and to ensure that technical and financial support is in line with the needs of the State AIDS Control Society to reach all high risk groups. “The State AIDS Control Society should regularly inform you, the people’s representatives, on the progress of the HIV control programme in Bihar,” argued Dr. Peter Piot, in speaking to the Bihar Legislative Forum.

Although Bihar’s HIV prevalence rate is lower than the national HIV prevalence rate of 0.9%, the social drivers of the epidemic make it particularly vulnerable. One in six people are migrating to urban centres in search of work and a better standard of living. Wide-spread stigma and misconceptions are causing marginalization and exclusion. The state’s vulnerabilities are compounded with a backdrop of increasing levels of sex work and low levels of condom use.

During the visit to Bihar, the joint delegation emphasized the need for a muti-sectoral response, including HIV prevention, treatment, care and support. Nothing less than such a comprehensive response can ensure that all people living with HIV and all those people at high risk of infection have access to vital HIV services. DFID and UNAIDS underlined their support to Bihar in its continuous efforts to control the AIDS epidemic.

The one-day visit to Bihar was part of a wider joint DFID / UNAIDS mission to India in which Dr Piot and Sir Chackrabarti will also meet with political leaders, senior government officials and parliamentarians, students and representatives from non governmental organizations and from the donor community in Delhi.

In Malawi, the involvement of civil society in the process of setting targets for universal access to HIV prevention, treatment, care and support has resulted in ambitious targets addressing the needs and expectations of those living with or affected by HIV.

“Malawi is well on the way to endorsing targets,” said Desmond Johns, UNAIDS country coordinator in Malawi. “We’ve seen a process with limited civil society involvement grow into a process with meaningful dialogue and participation. All of this is producing a much better end result,” he added.

The process of setting targets for universal access in Malawi began early in 2006 when a small group of partners made up of representatives from the national ministries, donor organizations, the United Nations and non-governmental organizations met to identify the objectives and challenges to scaling up the country’s national response. Only two national and two international civil society umbrella organizations took part to this initial consultation.

Noting the limited role attributed to national civil society at this stage, a group of 20 organizations, led by Action Aid and the National Association of People Living with HIV & AIDS in Malawi (NAPHAM), decided in March 2006 to form a coalition in order to articulate a stronger position on the question of universal access. Starting a parallel process, the coalition undertook to review and if necessary challenge the preliminary targets set by the working groups.

The incentive to combine both processes and establish a truly inclusive mechanism to set targets for scaling up the response to AIDS came after the Global Fund review in June and July which revealed that many of the targets established by the working groups had already been exceeded.

“We were in presence of two parallel processes which did not communicate and could not benefit from each other’s strengths,” said Johns. “This situation underlined how important it is to bring all stakeholders around the same table. As of October, this became UNAIDS priority,” he added.

A three-day consultation was held soon after which brought together 350 participants from a wide range of stakeholders. Sixteen representatives from faith and community based organizations and groups of people living with HIV gave presentations on their experiences and the challenges they faced in responding to the epidemic in their communities. The presentations added a new and fresh perspective to the discussions.

In November consultations were extended to the provincial and district levels to ensure the widest possible participation. An international consultant facilitated the discussions to give everyone an opportunity to contribute. He also arranged to seek and incorporate the views of those who could not attend the meetings and gave them time to review the targets and submit comments before they were consolidated.

“We finally felt that our voices were being heard and taken into account,” said Sembereka from Malawi Network of Religious Leaders living with or Personally affected by HIV and AIDS, and member of the secretariat of the Civil Society coalition on Universal Access. “We represent people living with or affected by HIV and this is an unprecedented opportunity to make a difference in the response to HIV. There remains a lot of room for improving civil society participation. Our contribution should be an integral part of planning and monitoring the scale up of the response to AIDS,” he added.

The final national level stakeholder meeting took place on 29 November to communicate the proposed targets and the revised and costed National Action Framework. The targets are due to be endorsed by a Cabinet of Ministers before the end of the year.

“The inclusive process in November was an opportunity to bring a greater level of ambition to the universal access targets, develop consensus and build ownership of the targets and to prioritize and cost the National AIDS Framework, so that it would constitute the implementation plan for Universal Access. This is a great example of the Global Task Team recommendations and Paris Declaration actually taking life,” concluded UNAIDS Country Coordinator Desmond Johns.

The number of people living with HIV in the Middle East and North Africa has risen to 460,000 and some 68,000 people were newly infected in 2006 alone. In a bid to curb the region’s growing epidemic, countries have been working with UNAIDS to secure additional funding to scale-up the AIDS response in the region.

Securing external funding is particularly challenging in the Middle East and North Africa due to limited support from external donors. One of the donors operating in the region is the Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria which has now become one of the main sources of AIDS funding for the region. The fund was created in January 2002 to attract, manage and disburse additional financing to support locally-driven strategies in response to AIDS, TB and malaria.

To date, the Global Fund has approved a total of US$ 6.6 billion to over 450 grants in 136 countries. Of the US$ 6.6 billion approved, US$ 2.9 billion has been disbursed to public and private recipients in 129 countries.

The grant application process can be complex and many countries in the region have solicited UNAIDS to assist in processing their applications. UNAIDS has played a role in raising awareness and creating a climate which has enabled countries to establish a country coordination mechanism thus making it possible to develop their grant proposals. UNAIDS facilitates provision of technical expertise to these areas and helps countries not only to develop their grant applications but also to implement the grants once approved.

In the most recent round of grants (Round Six) UNAIDS Regional Support Team and Country Offices in the Middle East and North Africa worked with five countries in the region to help formulate their proposals. Grants were approved for four out of the five countries with funding amounting to some US$ 26 million.

“UNAIDS works with countries at every opportunity to help ‘make the money work’ so that funds reach the people that need them most,” said Michel Sidibe, Director of UNAIDS Country and Regional Support Department. “As countries move towards the goal of universal access to HIV prevention, treatment, care and support, adequate funding from both external and domestic sources is absolutely vital.”

Currently, 13 out of the 22 countries in the Middle East and North Africa meet the eligibility criteria for Global Fund support and 10 out of 11 countries who have applied for Global Fund funding for AIDS to date have succeeded in obtaining funds, amounting to a total of US$ 127 million.

The UNAIDS Secretariat has provided assistance in developing 73% of all the proposals on AIDS in the region that have been approved between Rounds One and Six, including support to proposals from Algeria, Djibouti, Jordan, Morocco, Somalia, Sudan, and Tunisia.

As well as working with countries on grant proposals, UNAIDS also continues to support the implementation of grants and resolve major coordination and implementation difficulties or capacity-building challenges in all countries where grants were already in place from earlier rounds. Through the Global Implementation Support Team – GIST - UNAIDS, together with Cosponsors and the Global Fund headquarters, are providing a common action plan to support counties in solving bottlenecks, at the request of countries.

Typically the activities funded by the grants are wide-ranging and include development of second-generation surveillance and monitoring and evaluation; working with people most at risk of HIV infection such as young people, people who inject drugs and sex workers; reinforcing civil society––including non-governmental organisations, community-leaders and people living with HIV; increasing access to care, treatment, and psycho-social support of people living with HIV; and other specific interventions, such as coordination, blood safety, voluntary counselling and testing, and sexually transmitted infections.

“The availability of Global Fund resources in the region have created a new reality and represents a critical turning point in the national responses in the Middle East and North Africa,” said Oussama Tawil, Director of UNAIDS Regional Support Team for the Middle East and North Africa. “This is essential in particular in a context where the allocation of public resources remains relatively limited and primarily oriented to health care responses and other donor resources generally still represent limited support.”

The assistance UNAIDS provides to countries is coordinated with the World Health Organisation and other Cosponsors through an agreement which ensures complementary responses to countries and joint funding of regional training on the development of Global Fund proposals.

“Using the frameworks of the 'Three Ones' and 'Universal Access', UNAIDS will focus in 2007 on resolving bottlenecks, supporting the implementation process with scaled-up and diversified technical assistance ensuring that efforts in countries go beyond the 'project-mode' with regards to the Global Fund grants,” said Tawil.

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Photo Credit: UNAIDS/P.Virot