Gender based violence

To support the capacity of countries to integrate human rights in their Fast-Track approaches to HIV programming, UNAIDS and the Alliance Nationale Contre le Sida (ANCS) Senegal held a three-day capacity building workshop in Dakar, Senegal from 22 to 24 June 2015.

The workshop highlighted the continued political, legal, cultural, social, and programmatic challenges that hinder efforts to address the HIV epidemic. Participants pointed out that existing programmes to address these challenges in Western and Central African countries remain largely insufficient and inadequate.

According to participants, human rights, gender equality and the involvement of people living with HIV and key populations are often cited in HIV planning documents. Yet, they are rarely translated into specific human rights programmes. And where these programmes are included in the national HIV planning documents, they are not addressed at the costing and budgeting phase, there are little metrics to track progress, and when implemented, these programmes are often not evaluated or taken to scale.

Participants

The workshop brought together more than 50 participants from 10 countries across Western and Central Africa including Burkina Faso, Cameroun, Chad, Côte d’Ivoire, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ghana, Guinea Bissau, Mali, Nigeria and Senegal.

Participants included decision makers and technical experts involved in HIV strategic planning at country level, officials from national AIDS commissions, Ministries of Health and Justice, people living with HIV and other key populations and community-based organizations. A wide range of technical and other partners including UNDP, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, the International HIV/AIDS Alliance and the Technical Support Facility for west and central Africa also participated in the workshop.

This workshop was the seventh and last in the series of regional workshops held since 2011, with support from the Ford Foundation.  

Key messages

• Participants stressed the importance of the workshop in highlighting approaches and tools for ensuring the inclusion of programmes to advance human rights and gender equality.

• The workshop led to the elaboration by each country team of a national action plan with specific commitments to integrate human rights and gender programmes in their national AIDS response that clearly spells out partners and timelines for its implementation.

• The meeting concluded with the development and endorsement of the “Dakar Declaration on scaling up the HIV response, realizing the human rights and full access to services for everyone in West and Central Africa” in which participants committed to specific actions in their respective countries to advance evidence-informed and rights-based programmes in national HIV responses.  

UNAIDS Executive Director Michel Sidibé visited the Mbare City Health Clinic in Harare, Zimbabwe, on 11 June. The public clinic runs an antiretroviral treatment programme that also provides services for victims of rape.

During the visit to the clinic, which is supported by the City of Harare and Médecins sans Frontières, he met people living with HIV, including 19-year-old Thandiwe. Mr Sidibé heard the harrowing story of how she contracted HIV through rape and described her tears as, “A sign of our collective failures. We must do better for her and all women and girls.”

Speaking at the clinic, traditional leader Chief Chiveso denounced violence against women and called on men to be activists against gender-based violence. Mr Sidibé hailed the Chief as a champion for gender equality and for ending gender-based violence and the AIDS epidemic.

Earlier, Mr Sidibé engaged in a dialogue with community leaders, who told him of the challenges that marginalization and unemployment bring. Mr Sidibé said that adolescent girls are affected by the poor economic situation, which has resulted in more girls being infected with HIV compared to their male peers.

Two thirds of the population in Zimbabwe is under 25 years and HIV prevalence is almost two times higher among women aged 15–24 than among men of the same age. Zimbabwe has the sixth highest number of annual adolescent AIDS-related deaths in the world.

Mr Sidibé lauded the combined efforts of Zimbabwe’s civil society and government, which have resulted in a drop in HIV prevalence and the number of AIDS deaths, but warned that the country needs to do more to Fast-Track the response to HIV in order to end the AIDS epidemic in Zimbabwe by 2030. “If we are not careful, after 2015 people will forget about AIDS, complacency will creep in and people will look at other crisis,” he said.

The Rudra Béjart School of Dance Lausanne has given a special performance at UNAIDS headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, to celebrate International Women’s Day.

The specially choreographed performance by 38 dancers from 15 countries was a powerful visualization of young people’s strength, innovation and unity—qualities that are essential to advancing gender equality and Fast-Tracking the end of the AIDS epidemic by 2030.

The event was attended by more than 200 people, including ambassadors from the Permanent Missions to the United Nations of Haiti, Namibia and Zambia.

The Rudra Béjart School of Dance Lausanne is a private international free school sponsored by the Sandoz Family Foundation, Béjart Ballet Lausanne, Loterie Romande, the Fondation Leenaards, the Fondation Maurice Béjart and Jaquet Droz.

Message from UNAIDS Executive Director Michel Sidibé on International Women’s Day

GENEVA, 8 March 2015—As we celebrate International Women’s Day, world leaders and civil society are gathering in New York to take part in the 59th session of the Commission on the Status of Women. There, they will review the progress made since the adoption 20 years ago of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, which set ambitious targets designed to improve the lives of women around the world. The Platform for Action strived to make sure that women and girls could exercise their freedom and realize their rights to live free from violence, go to school, make decisions and have unrestricted access to quality health care, including to sexual and reproductive health-care services.

In the response to HIV, there have been major advances over the past 20 years and new HIV infections and AIDS-related deaths are continuing to decline. However, in reducing new infections this success has not been shared equally.

In 2013, 64% of new adolescent infections globally were among young women. In sub-Saharan Africa, young women aged 15 to 24 are almost twice as likely to become infected with HIV as their male counterparts. Gender inequalities, poverty, harmful cultural practices and unequal power relations exacerbate women’s vulnerability to HIV, but concerted global commitment and action can reverse this.

Twenty years ago, world leaders recognized that gender inequality was a major barrier to women achieving the highest possible attainable standards of health, and that women had unequal opportunities to protect their health and well-being. The Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action recognized fundamentally that the human rights of women include their right to assume control over matters related to their sexuality, including sexual and reproductive health, free of coercion, discrimination and violence. We should all be concerned that 20 years on, the United Nations Secretary-General’s report on the implementation of the Beijing Declaration underscores unacceptably slow progress in many areas, including the persistent denial of sexual and reproductive health and rights.

The core principles of the Beijing Declaration are at the heart of UNAIDS’ commitment to ending the AIDS epidemic. As the world moves towards collectively agreeing global sustainable development goals, we need to reaffirm the commitment that no one is left behind.

UNAIDS has put forward a global Fast-Track Target of reducing HIV infections to less than half a million per year by 2020. Reaching this ambitious target means committing to reducing new infections among women and girls by at least 75% over the next five years. The 90–90–90 treatment targets are also important as AIDS is the leading cause of death globally among women of reproductive age and of adolescent girls in Africa. The 90–90–90 treatment targets are: 90% of people living with HIV knowing their HIV status; 90% of people who know their HIV-positive status receiving treatment; and 90% of people on HIV treatment having a suppressed viral load so their immune system remains strong and they are no longer infectious.

Ensuring that women and girls are empowered to protect themselves from HIV, to make decisions about their own health and to live free of violence, including violence related to their HIV status, will be crucial to ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030.

UNAIDS

The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) leads and inspires the world to achieve its shared vision of zero new HIV infections, zero discrimination and zero AIDS-related deaths. UNAIDS unites the efforts of 11 UN organizations—UNHCR, UNICEF, WFP, UNDP, UNFPA, UNODC, UN Women, ILO, UNESCO, WHO and the World Bank—and works closely with global and national partners towards ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030 as part of the Sustainable Development Goals. Learn more at unaids.org and connect with us on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube.

The 24th Summit of the African Union and related events reaffirmed that Africa is committed and will remain committed to women’s empowerment and to ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030. The Summit took place in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from 23 to 31 January 2015 under 2015 annual African Union theme of “Women empowerment and development towards Africa’s Agenda 2063”.

The importance of ending AIDS was particularly articulated during the gender pre-summit meeting, at which the participants noted that member states should ensure that ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030 is part of Agenda 2063 and that it has an inclusive human rights approach that leaves no one behind, including children, adolescents, women of child-bearing age and women and girls in conflict and post-conflict settings.

The participants at the pre-summit meeting also noted that member states should ensure that the sexual and reproductive health and rights of African women are implemented without renegotiation of their content.

The Summit adopted Agenda 2063, the African Union vision of the next 50 years, and endorsed the formation of the African Group of Negotiators on the Post-2015 Development Agenda, the single negotiating body acting on behalf of the continent. 

To mark the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women on 25 November and the 16 Days of Activism against Gender-based Violence, UNAIDS published Women living with HIV speak out against violence, a collection of powerful essays written by women living with and affected by HIV.

Intimate partner violence affects one in three women globally and has been shown to increase the risk of acquiring HIV, while research shows that preventing such violence can reduce HIV incidence by 12%. In some settings, young women who have experienced intimate partner violence are 50% more likely to acquire HIV than women who have not. As reported in the publication, women living with HIV also face institutional violence, including forced sterilization and forced abortion as well as denial of health services.

Sabine Böhlke-Möller, Ambassador of Namibia to the United Nations Office in Geneva, and Luiz Loures, UNAIDS Deputy Executive Director, jointly launched the publication. Depicting women’s experiences of violence and proposing action to end the AIDS epidemic and violence against women, the publication also highlights the imperative of a united and multisectoral response to eliminating violence against women and ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030.