Failure to extend the transition period for least-developed countries to become fully compliant with the TRIPS Agreement could put millions of lives at risk

GENEVA, 26 February 2013—The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) today launched a new Issue Brief TRIPS transition period extensions for least-developed countries. The Issue Brief outlines that failure to extend the transition period for least-developed countries to become fully compliant with the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) could seriously impede access to lifesaving antiretroviral treatment and other essential medicines for people most in need.

Least-developed countries (LDCs) are home to some of the world’s most vulnerable people and bear considerable health burdens. In 2011, some 9.7 million of the 34 million people living with HIV worldwide, lived in LDCs. Of the people living with HIV in LDCs, 4.6 million were eligible for antiretroviral treatment in accordance with the 2010 World Health Organization HIV treatment guidelines, however only 2.5 million were receiving it.

In the 49 countries which are considered LDCs by the United Nations, non-communicable disease burdens are also rising much faster than in higher income countries. Data from low-income countries for instance suggests that cancer incidence is expected to rise by 82% from 2008 to 2030, whereas in high-income countries incidence is expected to rise at the much lower rate of 40%, in part due to widespread access to vaccines and medicines.

“Access to affordable HIV treatment and other essential medicines is vital if least-developed countries are to achieve the health-related and other Millennium Development Goals”, said Helen Clark, UNDP Administrator.

In the Issue Brief, UNAIDS and UNDP urge WTO Members to give urgent consideration to the continued special needs and requirements of LDCs in respect of their social and economic development.

“An extension would allow the world’s poorest nations to ensure sustained access to medicines, build up viable technology bases and manufacture or import the medicines they need,” said Michel Sidibé, Executive Director of UNAIDS.

The TRIPS Agreement was introduced in 1995 as a means of protecting intellectual property rights on a global scale. Patent protection, however, has also proved to be one of the factors contributing to high costs of medicines, placing many essential treatments outside the reach of LDCs. In recognition of this, WTO Members retained important options and flexibilities in the TRIPS Agreement. One of the flexibilities was that LDCs were granted an initial ten year transition period to become TRIPS compliant. Two extensions to this time period were granted. The general exception is due to expire on 31 July 2013. A proposal currently before the TRIPS Council, submitted on behalf of LDCs, requests a further extension to the general exemption from full TRIPS compliance for as long as a country remains an LDC.

The proposal is due to be discussed at the 5-6 March meeting of the TRIPS Council in Geneva, Switzerland. In the lead-up to and during discussions, UNAIDS and UNDP encourage all WTO Members to consider the full range of possible public health, economic and development benefits of such an extension.

The campaign aims to harness the power of football to raise awareness of HIV

JOHANNESBURG, 19 January 2013— The President of South Africa, Jacob Zuma, UNAIDS Executive Director, Michel Sidibé and the President of the Confederation of African Football, Issa Hayatou launched the “Protect the Goal” initiative on January 19 at the opening ceremony of the Orange Africa Cup of Nations in Johannesburg.

The “Protect the Goal” campaign aims to raise awareness of HIV and mobilize young people to commit to HIV prevention. Globally, an estimated 4.6 million young people (15-24 years of age) are living with HIV. About 2 300 young people are infected with HIV each day. Many young people living with HIV, who are eligible for treatment lack access or do not know their HIV status. The “Protect the Goal” campaign also stresses the need for ensuring all the 15 million people eligible for life-saving antiretroviral treatment can access it by 2015.

“Accelerating large-scale efforts for HIV prevention and treatment is imperative in Africa,” said President Jacob Zuma. “With strong leadership from government and community support, South Africa is showing results and its commitment to ending AIDS.”

Earlier in January, the President of Ghana, John Mahama attended an event to send off the Ghana Black Stars National Football Team to the Africa Cup of Nations. During the event, President Mahama signed a pledge supporting the “Protect the Goal” campaign. The Captain of the Black Stars also signed and read out the pledge. As part of advocacy activities in the lead-up to the tournament, UNAIDS country offices were able to enlist the support of other national football federations to the Protect the Goal campaign. As a result, team captains from Algeria, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Ethiopia, and Niger signed the pledge to support the campaign. Other countries are expected to join the initiative during the three week-long Africa Cup of Nations tournament.

During the Africa Cup of Nations, UNAIDS is partnering with the Confederation of African Football, the South African Football Association and the Tobeka Madiba Zuma Foundation to implement the “Protect the Goal” initiative. During the campaign, UNAIDS and its partners will disseminate HIV prevention messages on large electronic screens to football fans in all stadiums where the Africa Cup of Nations football games are taking place. The captains of each of the 16 teams participating in the games will read a statement calling on players, football fans and young people to support the campaign. The “Protect the Goal” campaign will continue until the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil.

“Football appeals so much to young people and I am thrilled to have such a groundswell of support from the stars of African soccer,” said UNAIDS Executive Director, Michel Sidibé. “I know this is just the start of an astonishing campaign which will generate much enthusiasm among fans all the way to Brazil 2014.”

“We are extremely happy to support UNAIDS in their efforts to roll out this campaign across the continent,” said President of the Confederation of African Football, Issa Hayatou. ”Our teams are committed to an Africa where AIDS is no longer a threat.”

The 29^th edition of the Orange Africa Cup of Nations will last until 10 February, the day of the finale. It is the most prestigious football tournament on the continent and happens every two years. The sixteen teams participating in this year’s championship are: Algeria, Angola, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Mali, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, South Africa (host), Togo, Tunisia, and Zambia.

Global leaders oppose policies as discriminatory and bad for business

GENEVA/NEW YORK, 28 November 2012—This World AIDS Day, Chief Executives (CEO’s) from some of the world’s largest companies are calling for an end to travel restrictions for people living with HIV. More than 40 CEOs have signed an unprecedented pledge urging the repeal of laws and policies in 45 countries that still deport, detain or deny entry to people solely because they are living with HIV.

The CEOs represent nearly 2 million employees in industries from banking to mining, travel to technology. They include companies like Johnson & Johnson, The Coca-Cola Company, Pfizer, Heineken, Merck, the National Basketball Association, Kenya Airways and Thomson Reuters.

“HIV travel restrictions are discriminatory and bad for business,” said Chip Bergh, President & CEO of Levi Strauss & Co. “Global business leaders are coming together to make sure we end these unreasonable restrictions.”

The CEO pledge is an initiative of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), Levi Strauss & Co. and GBCHealth, a coalition of companies that address global health challenges.

“Restrictions on entry, stay and residence for people living with HIV are discriminatory and a violation of human rights,” said Michel Sidibé, Executive Director of UNAIDS. “Every individual should have equal access to freedom of movement. I urge all countries to remove all such restrictions based on HIV status.”

CEOs oppose HIV travel restrictions because they are discriminatory and because to succeed in today’s globalized economy, companies must be able to send their employees and best talent overseas, regardless of their HIV status.

“It’s time to send HIV travel restrictions packing,” said Kenneth Cole, CEO of Kenneth Cole Productions. “Using our collective might, I believe we can use our influence to eliminate these discriminatory practices."

The United States of America lifted its 22-year HIV travel ban in 2010. Other countries, including Armenia, China, Fiji, Moldova, Namibia and Ukraine, have also recently removed such restrictions. However, 45 countries still deny entry, stay, residence or work visas for people living with HIV. These countries include major hubs for international business.

“Travel restrictions on individuals with HIV are unnecessary and hinder the ability for individuals and companies to operate in a truly global workforce,” said Mark Bertolini, Chairman, CEO & President of Aetna.

Most HIV-travel restrictions were imposed by governments in the 1980s when less was known about the transmission of HIV, and treatment didn’t exist. Since then, we’ve learned how to effectively prevent, manage and treat HIV.

Travel restrictions vary in different countries and can include preventing people living with HIV from entering altogether or deporting foreigners once their HIV status is discovered. Restrictions also include denying work visas, prohibiting short-terms stays for business trips or conferences and blocking longer-term stays or residence for work relocations and study abroad programs.

The CEO call to end HIV-related travel restrictions, first launched at the 2012 International AIDS Conference in Washington, D.C., comes on the eve of Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton’s release of a blueprint that outlines the goals and objectives for the next phase of the United States’ effort to achieve an AIDS-Free Generation.    

“Eliminating HIV travel restrictions is a win-win,” said GBCHealth Managing Director and Co-President Michael Schreiber.  “It’s the right thing to do from a humanitarian perspective and the right thing to do from a business perspective.”

Participating CEOs:

Aigboje Aig-Imoukhuede, Group Managing Director/CEO, Access Bank Plc;  Mark Bertolini, Chairman, CEO and President, Aetna; Cynthia Carroll, Chief Executive, Anglo American plc; Vincent A. Forlenza,  Chairman of the Board, CEO and President, BD; Debra Lee, Chairman & CEO, BET Networks;  Andy Burness, President, Burness Communications; Lamberto Andreotti, CEO, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Muhtar Kent, Chairman of the Board and CEO, The Coca-Cola Company;  Richard Edelman, President & CEO, Edelman;  Mark R. Kramer, Founder and Managing Director,  FSG;  Glenn K. Murphy, Chairman and CEO, Gap Inc.; Jonathan D. Klein, CEO and Co-Founder, Getty Images;  John C. Martin, PhD, Chairman and CEO, Gilead Sciences, Inc.;  Karl-Johan Persson, CEO, H&M Hennes & Mauritz AB;  Dr. Chris Kirubi, Chairman, Haco Tiger Brands;  Jean-Francois van Boxmeer, Chairman of the Executive Board/CEO, HEINEKEN NV;  Victor Y. Yuan, Chairman, Horizon Research and Consultancy Group;  Bong Yong Dam, CEO, Hub One International Company Ltd;  Jena Gardner, President & CEO, JG Black Book of Travel;  Alex Gorsky, Chief Executive Officer, Johnson & Johnson;  Kenneth Cole, CEO, Kenneth Cole Productions; Dr .Titus Naikuni, MD and CEO, Kenya Airways Ltd;  Chip Bergh, President & CEO, Levi Strauss & Co.;  Kaushik Shah, CEO/Director, Mabati Rolling Mills Ltd;  Kenneth C. Frazier, Chairman and CEO, Merck;  Heather Bresch, CEO, Mylan; David J. Stern, Commissioner, National Basketball Association (NBA); Blake Nordstrom, President, Nordstrom, Inc.;  Ji Yong, General Manager, Northeast Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd; Douglas A. Michels, President & CEO, OraSure Technologies, Inc.; Ian C. Read, Chairman and CEO, Pfizer Inc.; Tzameret Fuerst, CEO, Prepex;  Bob Collymore, CEO, Safaricom; Hiromasa Yonekura, Chairman, Sumitomo Chemical;  Liam E. McGee, Chairman, President and CEO, The Hartford;  James C. Smith, CEO, Thomson Reuters; Mikkel Vestergaard Frandsen, CEO, Vestergaard Frandsen;  Philippe Dauman, President & CEO, Viacom; Richard Branson, Founder, Virgin Unite;  Melissa Waggener Zorkin, CEO, President & Founder, Waggener Edstrom Worldwide;  Andy Payne, CEO, Wilderness Holdings Ltd;  David Sable, CEO, Y&R;  William H. Roedy, AIDS Activist and former Chairman, MTVN International

Most TB/HIV deaths can be averted if TB and HIV services work together more effectively and services are scaled up

GENEVA, 27 November 2012––Last week the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) reported that there has been a 13% reduction in tuberculosis (TB)-associated HIV deaths in the last two years. The reduction is due to a sharp increase in the numbers of people with HIV and TB co-infection accessing antiretroviral therapy (ART)––a 45% increase between 2009 and 2011.

Yet TB remains the leading cause of death among people living with HIV. UNAIDS and the Stop TB Partnership have signed a new agreement to accelerate action to achieve the 2015 goal of reducing deaths from TB among people living with HIV by 50%. 

“We are losing precious lives to TB––which is a preventable and curable disease, and it is in our power to change this. The world will never reach its goal of an AIDS-free generation without tackling TB. It is time to act now,” said Benedict Xaba, Minister of Health of Swaziland, which has the world’s highest rate of TB among people living with HIV.

People living with HIV are 20 to 30 times more likely to develop active TB than people without HIV infection.  An estimated 8.7 million people became ill with TB worldwide in 2011, among whom more than 1 million were living with HIV. Pregnant women and children are particularly at risk. If a pregnant woman living with HIV also has TB disease, the risk of death for the mother and child is higher and the risk of HIV transmission to the child more than doubles. In 2011, 430 000 out of 1.7 million AIDS-related deaths (25%) were caused by HIV-associated TB disease.

“TB/HIV is a deadly combination.  We can stop people from dying of HIV/TB co-infection through integration and simplification of HIV and TB services”, said Michel Sidibé, Executive Director of UNAIDS. “The 2015 goals are clear­­­­—reduce TB deaths in people living with HIV by 50%––we can make this happen, but only if services are scaled up in countries through concerted and joint efforts.”

In 2011, at the United Nations High Level Meeting on AIDS, UN Member States set the target of halving TB/HIV deaths by 2015, which would lead to saving 600 000 lives. Three-quarters of TB/HIV deaths currently occur in just ten countries;  Ethiopia, India, Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, South Africa, the United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe. Intensifying efforts in these 10 countries would significantly accelerate progress in achieving the 2015 goal.

“TB is preventable and curable at low cost, yet we still have one in four AIDS-related deaths caused by TB, and this is outrageous. Countries have yet to fully implement the actions needed to address the co-epidemic,” said Dr Lucica Ditiu, Executive Secretary of the Stop TB Partnership. “Through a new agreement UNAIDS and the Stop TB Partnership have committed to a strong agenda of action, engaging new partners and assisting the most heavily affected countries as they integrate their HIV and TB services and build action plans.”

Preventing HIV/TB deaths

• In countries where HIV and TB are prevalent, testing for both should be provided to everyone.
• People living with HIV are far less likely to become ill with and die of TB if they begin antiretroviral therapy (ART) before their immune systems begin serious decline. All people who are eligible for ART should receive it as early as possible.
• In addition to earlier ART, people living with HIV should be protected against becoming ill with TB through a daily dose of the drug isoniazid.
• All people who test positive for HIV and are also found to have TB disease should start TB treatment immediately. After two weeks on TB treatment, they should begin ART, regardless of the status of their immune system.

New initiative launched to address HIV and sexual and gender-based violence in conflict and post-conflict settings

GENEVA, 27 November 2012––The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) is partnering with the United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations (DPKO) to shine a light on ending violence against women, and empowering them to remain free from HIV. 

UNAIDS will work together with UN Peacekeepers to distribute inflatable solar-powered lights to women and families, initially in five pilot countries affected by conflict, as a way of broaching the complex and sensitive issues of sexual and gender-based violence against women and HIV. This will be part of the outreach work DPKO and UN Peacekeepers conduct in communities as they secure peace around the world.

“The lights will act as a conversation starter for people to talk about the harmful link between sexual and gender-based violence against women and HIV,” said Luiz Loures, Director of Political and Public Affairs, UNAIDS. “The effects of conflict are especially acute for women and girls. In many settings, widespread sexual violence has been used as a tool of warfare, increasing gender inequalities and contributing to the spread of HIV. Ensuring that women are safe and free from violence is a step towards ensuring they stay free from HIV.”

Conditions of violence and instability in conflict and post-conflict situations can exacerbate the spread of HIV. UN Peacekeepers, because of their extensive contacts with local populations, act as agents of positive change, particularly with respect to preventing sexual and gender-based violence against women and girls and providing psycho-social services to mitigate the impact of violence.

The initiative is part of UNAIDS and DPKO’s commitment to implementing the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1983, adopted in June 2011, which calls for increased efforts by UN Member States to address HIV in UN Peacekeeping missions. Resolution 1983 also calls for HIV prevention efforts among uniformed services to be aligned with efforts to end sexual violence in conflict and post-conflict settings.

UNAIDS is partnering with the creators of the inflatable solar-powered light, LuminAID, who will be donating up to 1000 lights through their “Give Light, Get Light” campaign. LuminAID will donate one light for every “Give Light, Get Light” package purchased during the coming months.        

The initiative is being launched to coincide with the 16 Days of Activism Against Gender Violence, which started on 25 November—the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women—and concludes on 10 December 2012, Human Rights Day. The 16 Days campaign is widely used around the world to call for the elimination of all forms of violence against women.

Credit: UNAIDS

GENEVA/ YANGON, 20 November 2012—The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) has appointed Nobel peace prize winner and Member of Parliament Daw Aung San Suu Kyi as a Global Advocate for Zero Discrimination. In this new role, Daw Aung San Suu Kyi will call on her fellow citizens and people around the world to eliminate stigma and discrimination.

Daw Aung San Suu Kyi accepted the invitation during a recent meeting with UNAIDS Executive Director Michel Sidibé at her residence in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar’s capital city. She said: “It is a great honour to be chosen as a champion for people who live on the fringes of society and struggle every day to maintain their dignity and basic human rights. I would like to be the voice of the voiceless.”  

A strong supporter of the AIDS movement, Daw Aung San Suu Kyi has publically engaged with people living with HIV as part of her efforts to counter stigma and discrimination. Earlier this year at a major international AIDS conference in Washington DC, USA, she delivered a message via video link, supporting people living with HIV.

“From small villages to big cities, from Africa to Asia, people are talking about Daw Aung San Suu Kyi,” said Mr Sidibé. “She is inspirational. We are honoured to have her as our UNAIDS Global Advocate for Zero Discrimination. I hope her example will inspire community leaders everywhere to speak out against stigma and discrimination.”

Daw Aung San Suu Kyi is concerned that stigma and discrimination create an environment of fear that prevents people from accessing life-saving HIV services. “In Myanmar we are currently treating more than 40 000 people living with HIV. It is important that everyone who suspects they may be at risk seeks an HIV test and knows their HIV status early, so they can prevent new infections and can access life-saving treatment when needed.”

Washington, D.C., London, Geneva, 8 November 2012 – Private AIDS-related funding from United States and European philanthropic donors totaled US$ 644 million in 2011, a 5% increase (US$ 32 million) from 2010 according to an annual report from Funders Concerned About AIDS (FCAA) and the European HIV/AIDS Funders Group (EFG), with support from the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS).

While this overall increase was driven by increased funding from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (which represented half of all U.S.-based AIDS philanthropy), and by the majority of E.U.-based funders, decreases by the majority of U.S.-based funders largely neutralized overall growth in AIDS-related philanthropy in 2011. Analysis also reveals that few new funders are entering the field of AIDS philanthropy.

“We applaud the efforts of those that have increased their commitment at this pivotal time in the AIDS response,” said John Barnes, Executive Director, FCAA. “But these increases also mask a troubling decline in the number of private funders engaged in AIDS.  If we’re serious about an AIDS-Free generation, we must absolutely increase financial and political commitment to AIDS.”

Funding from U.S.-based philanthropies totaled $491 million in 2011, with a slight increase from 2010 (3%). The majority of U.S.-based philanthropies, however, decreased funding to AIDS, including several of the top 10 funders that shifted investments toward other health areas. Total AIDS funding from all other U.S.-based philanthropies than the Gates Foundation decreased by 5% from 2010. Among E.U.-based philanthropies, the 2011 total reached $170 million, the highest point since 2007. While the majority of E.U.-based funders increased funding between 2010 and 2011, some of this was the result of yearly fluctuations in the grant distributions, rather than from the growth of new or existing programs.

Forecasts in both the U.S. and Europe suggest that AIDS funding would likely stay the same in 2012.

“We are in an era where shared responsibility for the AIDS response is vitally important. Countries are stepping up their domestic investments for HIV but there is still a US$7 billion gap between what is needed and what is available,” said Paul De Lay, Deputy Executive Director, Programme, UNAIDS. “Philanthropic investments for AIDS are extremely important, particularly in supporting civil society led engagement which can often be missing from larger-scale donor funding plans.”  

International assistance for AIDS from donor governments has been roughly flat since 2008, while the gap between available resources and what is needed to meet global targets for 2015 grew to an estimated US$ 7.2 billion. UNAIDS’ Investment Framework to guide more efficient use of resources shows that 4.2 million new HIV infections, 1.9 million HIV-related deaths could be averted, and 15 million people could access HIV treatment if funding is scaled up to US$ 24 billion by 2015.

UNAIDS, FCAA and EFG emphasize that philanthropy has a catalytic role to play in the AIDS response through its commitment to addressing critical issues and key populations - such as men who have sex with men, people who inject drugs, and sex workers - that are often not covered by other sources of funding.

“Private philanthropy has catalyzed the development of effective interventions and held governments accountable for scaling them up,” said Ton Coenen, Executive Director, Aids Fonds, and EFG Steering Committee member. “ As treatment and prevention technologies continue to evolve, it will be our sector’s role to ensure that community-based infrastructure is strengthened further and that the human rights of vulnerable populations are protected.”

The FCAA and EFG annual resource tracking report intends to inform stakeholders about the overall distribution and trends of U.S. and E.U. AIDS philanthropy. This year’s report also features more than 40 examples of innovative and impactful strategies from U.S. and E.U. AIDS funders.

Download U.S. and European Philanthropic Support to Address HIV/AIDS in 2011 at http://www.fcaaids.org/resourcetracking

New report highlights progress and gaps in the AIDS response and calls for increased investment from countries and donors

KINSHASA, DRC, 12 Oct 2012—Member states of the International Organization of La Francophonie (IOF) have made progress towards the goals of the 2011 United Nations Political Declaration on AIDS, according to a new report from UNAIDS entitled “Decision Point La Francophonie: No new HIV infections, no one denied treatment.” Results vary widely and—among IOF countries in sub-Saharan Africa—progress is lagging in key areas such as preventing new HIV infections among children and scaling up HIV treatment.

“The end of the global AIDS epidemic now appears to be attainable,” notes President Abdou Diouf, Secretary-General of La Francophonie. He adds: “This report reveals that the fruits of success are not equally distributed within the French-speaking world—an illustration of the fundamental inequalities that exist both within La Francophonie and in the wider world.”

A total of US $2.6 billion will be needed annually by 2015 to address the AIDS response in IOF countries of sub-Saharan Africa, according to the report, released on the eve of the 14^th Summit of the La Francophonie in Kinshasa. Based on current investment trends, the estimated AIDS funding gap for these countries will be US$ 1.5 billion. Filling this gap will require a significant boost in investment from both international donors and countries, the report finds.

“The international community must meet its commitments for francophone Africa, and high-income francophone countries must take the lead,” said Mr Sidibé. “At the same time, low- and middle-income francophone countries must also increase their share of investments based on economic strength and disease burden.”

Bridging the investment gap

According to the report, low- and middle-income IOF countries in sub-Saharan Africa have the capacity to scale up domestic AIDS resources by increasing health spending in line with economic growth and by reallocating HIV resources according to each country’s relative burden of disease.

Based on these assumptions, IOF countries in sub-Saharan Africa could boost annual domestic AIDS spending by at least US$ 120 million by 2015—a 70% increase over current funding levels. The report calls on international partners to fill the remaining investment gap of approximately US$ 1.4 billion—a 160% increase over current funding commitments.

HIV treatment

An estimated 826 000 people in low- and middle-income IOF countries were receiving HIV treatment in 2011, up from just 26 000 in 2003, according to the report. Increased access to HIV treatment in IOF countries resulted in a nearly 30% decline in AIDS-related deaths between 2004 and 2011.

Despite commendable progress, an estimated 970 000 people are still waiting to access life-saving HIV treatment in IOF countries—accounting for 14% of the global treatment gap. Moreover, there are wide disparities in treatment coverage: two IOF member states, Rwanda and Cambodia, have reached more than 80% coverage of antiretroviral therapy while some countries provide less than 5% coverage.

Taken as a whole, IOF countries in sub-Saharan Africa achieved 43% coverage of HIV treatment in 2011 compared to 59% coverage in non-IOF countries in the region. Among IOF countries in the region, just one in five pregnant women living with HIV has access to antiretroviral therapy for her own health and only 15% of children eligible for HIV treatment are receiving it.

Preventing new HIV infections among children

Programmes to prevent new HIV infections among children are gaining momentum across sub-Saharan Africa. Among IOF countries in the region, there was an estimated 34% decline in new HIV infections between 2005 and 2011—from 73 000 to 48 000.

Despite progress, an estimated 450 000 children are living with HIV in low- and middle-income IOF member states of sub-Saharan Africa; coverage of HIV medicines to prevent transmission of HIV from pregnant women to their children in these countries remains low, at 36%. This compares to 62% coverage among non-IOF countries in the region.

A roadmap to accelerate progress

Speaking at today’s press conference, UNAIDS Executive Director Michel Sidibé urged francophone leaders across the globe to collectively push forward the AIDS response in IOF member states. “It is decision time for La Francophonie,” said Michel Sidibé. “While our actions so far are laudable, they will not take us to the finish line. We must redouble our efforts for the AIDS response and act decisively,” he added.

For the 29 francophone countries in Africa, the African Union’s Roadmap on Shared Responsibility and Global Solidarity has defined the steps needed in financing, health governance and access to medicines to help countries build long-term, sustainable solutions to HIV. The Roadmap—launched under the leadership of President Boni Yayi of Benin—was endorsed in July 2012 by African Heads of State and Government.

In 2011, an estimated 3.1 million people were living with HIV in low- and middle income IOF countries in sub-Saharan Africa, accounting for 10% of the global total. HIV prevalence varies widely among member countries in sub-Saharan Africa—from less than 0.3% to 5% of the adult population.

African leaders gather to review progress made in the implementation of the 2001 Abuja Declaration on HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Other Related Infectious Diseases and call for sustainable strategies to advance health towards 2015 and beyond.

L to R: President of Benin, Yayi Boni, United States Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton and UNAIDS Executive Director Michel Sidibé
Credit: UNAIDS/B.Hamilton

NEW YORK/GENEVA, 26 September 2012— African leaders gathered in New York on the sidelines of the 67th Session of the United Nations General Assembly to discuss the African Union (AU) Roadmap. This initiative outlines long-term sustainable strategies to finance and provide access to HIV treatment and prevention services and other health services in Africa as called for in the Millennium Development Goals.

“Ten years after Abuja, millions of lives have been saved and Africa has prospered,” said President of Benin Boni YAYI, in his capacity as Chairperson of the African Union. “These foundations have to be made permanent for this generation and for all our future generations.” President Boni YAYI presented the African Union’s Roadmap for Shared Responsibility and Global Solidarity for AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria.

Shared responsibility and global solidarity

President Joyce Banda of Malawi embraced the concept of shared responsibility. “I am fully committed to mobilizing additional domestic resources while ensuring efficient use of external funds,” she said in a statement of support to meeting. President Banda also highlighted her country’s pioneering work to “ensure all HIV positive pregnant women, irrespective of their CD4 count, commence antiretroviral therapy and take HIV treatment for the rest of their lives.”

The transformation of access to health in Africa has come from inspired African leadership coupled with strong international support. Health investments, from funders and domestic resources have expanded manifold in Africa. Weak health systems have been replaced with a greater focus on human resources and ingenuity to provide health care in remote areas.

United States Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton addressed the gathering and recognized the renewed commitment by the African Union to the AIDS response. “If every nation devastated by HIV follows the example of many of the leaders in this room and steps up to shared responsibility, we won’t just keep up our momentum—we will accelerate our progress and move even faster toward the day when we can announce the birth of an AIDS- free generation,” she said.

Towards the 2015 goals and the post 2015 agenda

With three years to go to meet the Millennium Development Goals, as well as the global AIDS targets agreed to in the 2011 United Nations Political Declaration on AIDS, participants echoed the need for strong political leadership and enhanced country ownership.

As a first step, African leaders agreed to accelerate the implementation of the Roadmap on Shared Responsibility and Global Solidarity for AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria adopted by the African Union in July 2012.

“Africa has not only shown that it cares but that it has increased its capacity to provide health care for its people. Millions of lives have been saved as investments into healthcare have increased—both domestic and international,” said Michel Sidibé, Executive Director of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) who moderated the high-panel debate. “For every African to realize their right to health, a new paradigm of sustainable health services has to be put in place. For this we must secure the investments needed, secure good laws, secure the science, secure shared responsibility and global solidarity as well as secure access to lifesaving health services.”

United Nations Special Envoy for Global Education Gordon Brown speaking at the event.

A key to this agreement is advancing a new model of mutual accountability that can help unite African governments and their development partners in a series of practical actions and which will bring Africa closer to ending the AIDS epidemic. Data released this year by UNAIDS shows that scientific advances and improved programme practices have helped to reduce the number of new HIV infections and AIDS-related deaths. Life-saving HIV treatment is now reaching more than 8 million people around the world—more than 6 million of which are in Africa, the region most affected by the epidemic.

“This is the time for Africa to intensify its efforts and create a new international compact against AIDS,” said President Macky Sall of Senegal.

During the dialogue it was agreed that the capacity of AIDS Watch Africa be strengthened. It was also suggested that AIDS Watch Africa, the African body mandated to ensure accountability for action, create a new model of accountability in consultation with Africa’s development partners.

Sustainable and innovative health financing

The leaders, which also included the Presidents of Comoros, Equatorial Guinea and Namibia, the Deputy Prime Minister of Kenya and development partners including France, Sweden, Brazil, the African Union Commission, European Commission and World Bank, also discussed ways to ensure that health financing is adequate and sustained. In recent years many countries in Africa have adopted innovative ways of generating resources for health, beyond traditional means. For example, Rwanda and Uganda now place levies on mobile phone usage with proceeds supporting HIV programmes. Zimbabwe’s AIDS levy now provides about US$ 30 million as the country’s economy expands. Social health insurance is also being explored by many countries.

At the same time domestic investments for health have increased, but the majority of countries have not yet met the Abuja target of allocating 15% of government budget to health. Leaders at the meeting agreed that this goal should be maintained and all efforts be taken to achieve this target. However they also agreed that international investments, which have remained stable in recent years, must be sustained and increased. They also called for new and diversified sources of international investments—especially from countries with emerging economies.

Sustainable access to medicines

A majority of the pharmaceutical needs of Africa are met through imports. The need to boost local capacity to manufacture essential quality-assured medicines as well as developing regional markets for them, including through common regulatory frameworks was highlighted at the event.

“Africa must be a source of knowledge and science, not just needs and wants,” said President Moncef Marzouki of Tunisia. “We will make all efforts to ensure that Africa meets more of its pharmaceutical needs through increased local production.”

Getting to zero

“If every girl and every boy goes to school and is taught about HIV prevention we can reach the global goal of Zero new HIV infections, zero discrimination and zero AIDS-related deaths,” said Gordon Brown, the United Nations Special Envoy for Global Education. “To the UNAIDS vision of Zero if we add zero illiteracy, we can end AIDS faster.”

There are nearly 23.5 million people living with HIV in Africa. New HIV infections in the region have declined by 22% since 2001. By the end of 2011, an estimated 56% of people eligible for HIV treatment in sub-Saharan Africa were accessing it—with treatment coverage increasing by 22% across the region between 2010 and 2011.

NEW YORK/GENEVA, 24 September 2012—On the eve of the 67^th United Nations General Assembly, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) has appointed global Indian icon Aishwarya Rai Bachchan as International Goodwill Ambassador. In her new role she will help raise awareness on issues related to stopping new HIV infections in children and advocate for increased access to antiretroviral treatment.

Mrs Rai Bachchan has been involved in humanitarian issues for many years and will now have a special focus on HIV. "I am honoured to accept this appointment. Spreading awareness on health issues, especially related to women and children, has always been a priority for me. And now, as a new mother, I can personally relate to this––the joys and concerns of every mother and the hopes that we have for our children. I strongly believe that every baby should be born free from HIV. And I wish that every woman living with HIV stays healthy and has access to treatment. I promise that with UNAIDS, I will do my utmost to make this happen."

UNAIDS Executive Director Michel Sidibé welcomed Mrs Rai Bachchan to the UNAIDS family. “Mrs Rai Bachchan is respected and admired by millions of people around the world,” said Mr Sidibé. “I am convinced that through her global outreach, Mrs Rai Bachchan can help UNAIDS reach its goal of eliminating new HIV infections among children by 2015.”

The main focus of Mrs Rai Bachchan will be to advocate for the Global Plan towards the elimination of new HIV infections among children and keeping their mothers alive. This plan was launched at the United Nations in June 2011.

The Global Plan focuses on 22 countries including India, which account for more than 90% of all new HIV infections among children. Twenty one of them are in sub-Saharan Africa, where the estimated number of children newly infected with HIV fell by 25%, from 360 000 in 2009 to 270 000 in 2011. Progress in sub-Saharan Africa has been made possible through rapid improvement in access to services that prevent new infections in children. There was a dramatic increase in coverage of services in the 21 sub-Saharan African countries between 2009 and 2011: from 34% to 61%. HIV transmission rates from mother-to child have also declined since 2010 with the introduction of more effective prophylaxis regimens.

“Through her work in raising awareness of the issues and advocating for increased access to services Mrs Rai Bachchan will be instrumental in helping to ensure that no more babies are born with HIV and that their mothers stay alive and healthy,” said Mr Sidibé. “We look forward to working with her to reach our collective goals.”