This report will discuss what makes women, babies and young people specially vulnerable to HIV, and describe the strategies that have been developed to meet their needs, the work going on at present, and the future challenges. And drawing lessons from experience and examples from the field, it will identify successful approaches to HIV prevention.

Sex between men occurs virtually in most societies. It is often stigmatized by society, and its public visibility, therefore, varies considerably from one country to another. Sex between men often involves anal intercourse, which carries a high risk of HIV transmission. Good HIV programmes addressing men who have sex with men (MSM) are thus vitally important, though up to now they have often been seriously neglected.

This review examines research on gender as it relates to women’s and men’s different vulnerabilities to HIV infection, and their different abilities to access resources for care and support in order to cope with the impact of the epidemic. The paper also reviews programmatic responses that have sought to address gender-specific concerns and constraints in an attempt to contain the pandemic and alleviate its impact.

A meeting was organized jointly by UNAIDS

This document is intended to provide a clear understanding of social marketing, its key components and the role social marketing can and continues to play in preventing and slowing the spread of HIV/AIDS.

The objective of this document is to outline the policies and principles for the prevention and care of sexually transmitted disease (STD) to assist Ministry of Health officials who have the responsibility of developing and implementing STD programmes. Although the document is not intended to be a detailed description of activities that may be used in implementation, some areas have been amplified in annexes to serve as models that can be adapted to suit local situations.

This case study is a UNAIDS Best Practice because it demonstrates an approach to the collection and use of epidemiological and behavioral data that has been fruitful in making a persuasive case for the connection between decreased HIV infection rates and the adoption of safer behaviors’ on the part of individuals.

A synthesis of existing studies.

Finally, this review was organized into four sections, including: • a brief overview of theoretical models of behavioural change • a review of key approaches used to stem sexual transmission of HIV • a summary of successful interventions targeting specific populations at risk • and a discussion of remaining challenges.

This document introduces the methods used to appraise and develop clinical guidelines, making specific reference to HIV/AIDS. It is recommended for use by policy makers, guideline development committees and other people responsible for ensuring the validity of guidelines. It is intended to support the development of guidelines