UNAIDS commissioned this report to investigate programmes and sites in low-income and transitional countries which were regarded by international authorities as ‘high coverage sites’ – that is, where more than 50% of injecting drug users had been reached by one or more
HIV-prevention interventions. The most significant finding is that high level coverage can be attained by interventions addressing HIV among injecting drug users in developing and transitional countries. The seven case studies each include a description of the development of the programme and features of the services provided, an estimation of programme coverage, factors that enabled high coverage, and a discussion of ways to maintain and expand coverage.

Evidence and knowledge base suggests that a certain number of programmatic actions are essential if HIV prevention is to be effectively taken to scale. These actions need to be adapted and prioritized, depending upon the context, evolving nature of local epidemics, national priorities and legal frameworks.

The AIDS epidemic is taking a devastating toll on families
and communities worldwide. In its wake lies a growing
burden of caring for the sick, the dying, and those left
behind. In countries hardest hit, most of the care for people living with HIV takes place in the home, and up to 90% of that is provided by women and girls.

"All AIDS strategies should pass the test: does this work for women?"

This document provides operational guidance to country-level partners and UN staff to facilitate the next phase of the country-level consultative process on scaling up towards universal access to prevention, treatment, care and support services. It concerns the setting of ambitious targets for the national HIV response to achieve by 2008 and 2010, and builds on previous guidelines.

This book is about AIDS and Africa, and the world’s response to both, and presents three stories describing possible futures.

These Guidelines are designed to assist government officials, policy-makers, programme managers, trainers, and health workers in bridging the gap between traditional and biomedical health systems or in scaling up existing initiatives. The Guidelines will help those concerned to
envision, plan, design, implement, evaluate and scale up initiatives that involve collaborating with traditional healers for HIV transmission prevention and care in sub-Saharan Africa. The ultimate goal of this effort is to improve access to, and quality of, health services for the clients of both systems.

The International Guidelines on HIV/AIDS and Human Rights arose because of various calls for their development in light of the need for guidance for Governments and others on how to best promote, protect and fulfil human rights in the context of the HIV epidemic. During the first International Consultation on AIDS and Human Rights, organized by the United Nations Centre for Human Rights, in cooperation with the World Health Organization, in Geneva, from 26 to 28 July 1989, participants discussed the possible elaboration of guidelines to assist policymakers and others in complying with international human rights standards regarding law, administrative practice and policy

Access to treatment in the private-sector workplace; the provision of antiretroviral therapy by three companies in South AfricaAntiretroviral therapy (ART) is having a huge impact on the lives of those who have access to it. For them, AIDS has become a manageable condition rather than a death sentence. However, for the vast majority of people living with HIV, nothing has changed because neither they nor their countries’ health-care systems can afford to pay for antiretroviral therapy.One source of hope comes from the business sector. The workplace—both private and public—provides many opportunities for extending access to treatment, through occupational health schemes and health insurance schemes. A number of companies now have experience in providing antiretroviral therapy for their employees (and, in some cases, also for dependants). Given the impact of the epidemic, there is a clear economic advantage for companies in offering employees access to treatment and in demonstrating a strong corporate responsibility.After a brief description of the important components of workplace programmes on HIV/AIDS, this case study features three companies in South Africa that are providing antiretroviral therapy to their employees: AngloAmerican, BHP Billiton and Eskom. Detailed descriptions are given of the companies’ antiretroviral therapy and care-and-support programmes, with an analysis of their differing approaches and shared challenges. Public health provision should be strengthened, not undermined, by the contribution of the private sector to HIV and AIDS treatment. The companies profi led in this report are working with government, communities and civil society to extend treatment nationwide, through various projects and programmes and by setting an example of sustainable access to treatment and care.

This project uses stories rather than projections to explore the future of AIDS in Africa over the next 20 years. Statistics may give a succinct and tragic snapshot of recent events, but they say little of the AIDS epidemic’s wider context, or its complex interconnections with other major issues, such as economic development, human security, peace, and violence. Statistics can only hint at the future.